Lenin - timeline

Timeline

Note: The Julian calendar was used in Russia until the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in February 1918, used by the Western world till today. During the 19th century the calendar fell 12 days behind and in the 20th century it fell 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar The date between brackets gives the Gregorian calendar date.

1870

April 10 (22): Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin) born in Simbirsk.

1886

January 12 (24): Death of Vladimir's father.

1887

May 8 (20): Alexandr, Vladimir's older brother hanged for conspiracy to assassinate the Tsar.

August 13 (25): Vladimir enrolls in the Kazan university. In December he is arrested and expelled for participating in stu­dents' protests.

1888-89

Resides in Kazan and Samara, begins study of law and revo­lutionary literature.

July 23 (Aug 4): Gains license to practice law.

1893

Becomes active member of Marxist study group. Moves to St. Petersburg on August 31 (September 12).

1895

Journeys to Europe to meet European and exiled Russian revolutionaries.

(Autumn): League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class is founded in St. Petersburg with Vladimir as member.

Dec 8 (20): Arrested in St. Petersburg.

1896

Vladimir held by police and kept in detention for the whole year.

1897

January 29 (Feb 10): Vladimir is exiled to Shushenskoye in Siberia.

1898

Mar 13-15 (Mar 25-30): Founding Congress of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) in Minsk.

July 10 (22): Vladimir marries Nadezhda K. Krupskaya.

1899

March 24-31 (April 5-12): Publication of Vladimir's book The Development of Capitalism in Russia.

1900

Jan 29 (Feb 10): Vladimir's Siberian exile ends. He settles in Pskov.

July 16 (29): Vladimir leaves Russia for Europe. Settles in

Munich in September.

December 11 (24): First issue of Vladimir's paper Iskra.

1901

May: Krupskaya joins Vladimir after completing her term of exile.

December: Vladimir uses the pseudonym 'Lenin' for the first time.

1902

March: Lenin Publishes the famous What is to be Done?

1903

April: Moves to London after a brief residence in Geneva.

July 17—Aug 10 (July 30-Aug 23): Second Congress of RSDLP held in Brussels and London. Party splits into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions. Lenin separates from Iskra.

1904-5

Russo-Japanese War. Russia loses war.

1905

January: Lenin begins publishing a new paper Vyperod.

Jan 9 (22): Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg. Revolution of 1905 begins.

Apr 12-27 (Apr 25-May 10): Third Congress of RSDLP held at London. Mensheviks do not attend.

October: St. Petersburg Soviet formed. October Manifesto declared.

November: Lenin returns to St. Petersburg after government grants amnesties to political exiles and prisoners.

1906

Apr 10-25 (Apr 23-May 8): Fourth (Unity) Congress of the RSDLP held at Stockholm. Mensheviks attend. Lenin elected to the Presidium.

January: Lenin moves to Finland for security reasons.

Apr 30-May 19 (May 13-June 1): Fifth Congress of unified RSDLP is the largest. Held at London. Lenin elected to the Presidium.

August: Stuttgart Congress of the Socialist International. Lenin attends.

1908

Jan 7 (Jan 20): Lenin settles in Geneva.

October: Lenin completes his book, Materialism and Empirio — crticism.

November (December): Lenin moves to Paris.

Dec 21-27 (Jan 3-9, 1909): Fifth Congress of the All-Russian

RSDLP. Held in Paris. Lenin again elected to Presidium.

1910

August: Lenin meets Maxim Gorky the writer, in Italy. Attends

the Copenhagen Conference of the Second International.

1912

Jan 5-17 (18-30): Prague Conference. Bolsheviks declare themselves autonomous body.

April: First issue of Pravda published in Russia.

1914

July 18 (Aug 1): Germany declares war on Russia.

August: Lenin forced to leave Russia and emigrates to Berne, Switzerland.

1915

Aug 23-26 (Sep 5-8): Zimmerwald Conference of anti-war Socialists. Lenin attends.

Jan-June: Lenin writes Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism.

February: Moves to Zurich.

Apr 11-17 (24-30): Second "Zimmerwald Conference" held at Kienthal. Lenin participates.

1917

Feb 17 (Mar 2): Tsar Nicholas abdicates. Provisional Government is formed in Russia.

Apr 3 (16): Lenin and his party arrive in Petrograd after tran­siting Germany in a sealed train.

Apr 7 (18): April Theses published in Pravda.

April (May): Seventh Congress of the RSDLP (Bolsheviks) in Petrograd. Lenin takes a prominent role.

May 21-June 1 (June 3-14): First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers.

July: Uprising known as the July Days.

July: Lenin forced into hiding; escapes to Finland.

July 26-Aug 3 (Aug 8-16): Sixth Congress of the RSDLP held in semi-legal conditions. Lenin guided the Congress from underground, taking part in drafting all important resolutions. Elected unanimously honorary chairman.

September: Lenin argues for a new uprising.

mid-Oct: Lenin returns to Petrograd secretly from Finland, pushes for an immediate insurrection despite strong opposi­tion within the party.

Oct 25 (Nov 7): The Soviet Government is formed with Lenin as Chairman.

1918

Jan 16 (29): Lenin dissolves Constituent Assembly.

March 3: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends hostilities with Germany.

March 10: Lenin and Soviet Government move to Moscow. August 30: Attempt to assassinate Lenin. He is wounded.

March 2-6: Communist International (Comintern) is founded.

1921

February 23-March 17: Kronstadt uprising against the Soviet Government.

March 17: Tenth Party Congress. New Economic Policy (NEP) begins.

1922

May 26: Lenin suffers his first stroke.

November: Lenin's last public speech.

Dec 15: Lenin suffers a second stroke.

Dec 24: Politburo orders that Lenin be kept in isolation.

Dec 30: Formal establishment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

1922-23

December—January: Lenin composes several letters into what became known as his Last Testament.

1923

March 2: Lenin writes his last document: Better Fewer; But Better; on the reorganization and the reduction in size of the Soviet Government.

March 9: Lenin suffers his third stroke which robs him of his speech.

May 12: Lenin removed to a party sanatorium at Gorki.

1924

Jan 21: Lenin dies.