Indian Institute of Teacher Education - Year 1 - Semester 2

Manual of Courses

List of Courses for Year 2 Semester 2

Course Credits

A. Core/Content Courses

Physics-2

Credits: 4

Learning Objectives:

After completing this semester, you can

1. Understand the concept of Momentum, Energy, Rotational Motion and Gravity

2. Explain the various types of energy and the conservation of energy

3. Describe the different type of rotational motion and conservation of momentum

4. Understand the law of Gravity and its effect

5. Explain properties of liquid, gases and plasma

6. Describe the laws of Thermodynamics and Entropy

7. Understand properties of musical sound and light

Unit-I Mechanics-I

Unit-II Mechanics-II

Unit-III Properties of Matter

Unit-IV Heat

Unit-V Sound & Properties of Light

Text Book 1: Conceptual Physics by Paul G. Hewitt 11^th Edition published by PEARSON

Text Book 2: University Physics with Modern Physics By Young & Freedman Publisher: Pearson(12^,h Edition)

Additional References:

1. Fundamental of Physics by Heliday, Resnik & Walker

2. The Elements of Physics by 1. S. Grant & W. R. Philips Publisher: Oxford University Press

3. Understanding Physics by Karen Cummings, Priscilla Laus, Edward Redish, Patrick Coonay.

Publisher: Wiley, Student Edition

1. Physics (Cambridge Law Price Edition) By Gilbert Rowell and Sydher Herdon. Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Suggested Website for eLearning/ICT based activity :

1. http://bcs.wiley.com/he-

bcs/Books?action=index&itemId=0471150584&itemTypeld=BKS&bcsld=1907 (Free)

1. http://www.physicsclassroom.com/ (Free)

2. http://www.scienceioywagon.com/physicszone/(Free)

3. http://library.thinkquest.org/10796/ (Free)

Physics -2 (Practicals):

1. Acceleration due to gravity by Bar Pendulum

2. To study simple harmonic under damped oscillations and to calculate (1) time period T of Oscillation (2) angular frequency w (3) relaxation time T and (4) the quality factor Q

3. To determine the Moment of Inertia of fly wheel

4. To find viscosity using Seari’s viscometer •

5. To determine unknown frequency of the tuning fork using Resonator

6. To determine the specific heat capacity of a liquid by comparing its rate of cooling that of a liquid of known specific heat capacity (method of cooling by applying Newton’s law of radiation)

7. To determine refractive index of liquid using combination of lens (Boye’s method)

8. To determine the thermal conductivity of glass in the form of a tube.

9. Least square method using calculator

10. To find magnetic moment using deflection magnetometer

Suggested Website for eLearning/ICT Based Activity for Virtual Laboratory

1. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/siniulation/forces-ancl-motion

2. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/siniulation/sound

3. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics/heat-and- thermodynamics

References:

1. Practical physics by C.L Arora, Pub: S. Chand

2. Practical Physics by Gupta & Kumar Pub: Pragati Prakashan

3. An Advance Course in Practical Physics by D. Chattopadhyay & P. C. Rakshit. Publisher: New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.

4. ISC Practical Physics

5. Laboratory Manual for Conceptual Physics by Paul Robinson

Chemistry- 2

Credits: 4

Learning Objectives:

In this semester, the objective is to develop understanding of

1. Introduction to states of matter

2. Basic principles of chemical kinetics

3. Widening the base of chemical bonding & organic chemistry.

Unit-I: States of matter:

1. Solid, liquid and gaseous states

2. Crystal structure; Explanation of cubic, body centred cube and face centred cube

3. Properties of liquids (Explanation of vapour pressure, surface tension, viscosity and parachore)

4. Ideal and real gases, review of gases

5. Laws and ideal gas equation

6. Liquification of gases

Unit-II: Chemical bonding - II

1. Geometry of molecules

2. Bond angles, bond length and bond energies

3. Valance shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR), Prediction of geometry using VSEPR theory

4. Metallic bond and hydrogen bond (conductors, insulators and semiconductors)

5. Inter molecular and Intra molecular H-bond

6. Importance of hydrogen bonding in biological molecules

Unit-Ill: Organic reaction mechanism

1. Fission of co-valent bond

2. Nucleophiles and electrophiles

3. Nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism (Sn¹ and Sn²)

4. Electrophilic substitution reaction mechanism (Se¹ and Se²)

Unit-lV: Electrochemistry

1. Concept of electrode potential

2. Nearnst electrode potential equation

3. Types of electrode

4. Reversible and irreversible electrodes, indicator and reference electrodes

5. Expression for the EMF of a cell

6. Hydrogen electrode, calomel electrode and quinhydrone electrode

7. Electrochemical series of electrode potential

8. Application of EMF measurements

Unit-V: Chemical kinetics -1

1. Order and molecularity of reactions

2. Rates of chemical reactions

3. Rate laws

4. Derivation of rate constants for zero, first, and second order reaction

5. Methods of determination of order of chemical reactions

6. Graphical and analytical methods, using integrated rate equations and fractional life method

Chemistry-2 (Practicals):

(i) Organic spotting - solids and liquids (4 solids + 2 liquids)

Solids:Acid - benzoic, oxalic, succinic

Phenol - α and β napthols

Neutral - urea, thiourea, napthelene

Liquids: aniline, nitrobenzene, benzaldehyde, ethanol, chloroform, Chlorobenzene, acetone

(ii) Viscosity measurement: Benzene, CCUl₄ CHCl₃

Biology-2

Credits: 4

Ecology and Wildlife

Unit: -1: Ecology

Definition, Scope and Applications of Ecology

Ecological factors - edaphic, climatic, physiographic and biotic factors

Population Ecology - Definition of population; species and population

Population Attributes: Density, Natality, Mortality, age distribution, Disperal and Dispersion; Cyclical oscillations; Home range and territory; Environmental resistance and carrying capacity of a population. Interaction between populations. Concept of a Niche: Gauze Principal

Biotic community; concept of Biotic Community; Community structure, succession (hydrosere, Xerosere), climax community, Ecotone.

Applied Ecology:

Pollution - Definition and classification - Pollutants of air, water and soil and their effect on the ecosystem and mankind; Radioactive pollution of Biosphere; pollution control.

Unit: - 2

Limiting factors - Laws of limiting factors: Liebig’s law of minimum and Shelford’s low of tolerance, Factor compensation and Ecotype.

Ecosystem - Energy overflow in Ecosystem, Energy flow diagrams and their interpretations, Tropic levels and types of pyramids, Productivity and the methods of determining primary productivity. Biogeochemical cycles in ecosystem; carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorous and sulphur cycles; cycling of organic nutrients and recycling pathways.

Habitat ecology - Marine and terrestrial ecology and their types,

Unit: - 3: Wildlife

Introduction to the terms : National parks, Sanctuaries

Elementary knowledge of:

1. Marine National Parks of Gujarat

2. Velavadar National park

3. Gir National park and Sanctuary

4. Wildass Sanctuary of Gujarat

5. Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary

Wildlife management tools : Binoculars, camera, Radio-transmitters/receivers, Tranquilizer gun and darts

Some endangered fauna of India (brief note on Asiatic Lion, Snow Leopard, Black buck, Gangetic dolphin, India wildass, One-horned Rhino, Great Indian Bustard, Great Indian Hornbill, Peacock, Mountain Quail and Vulture

Conservation :

• Ecological crisis and conservation of the environment; Conservation of wildlife and soil; National parks and sanctuaries; National and International efforts for conservation of wildlife.

Unit:-4: Evolution

1. Theories and evidences

2. Lamarckism and Neo-Lamarckism

3. Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism

4. Devries work on mutation

5. Variation

6. Isolation

7. Speciation

References:

1. Ecology by P. S. Varma & Agrawal (S. Chand & Co. - Delhi]

2. Fundamentals of Ecology by P. S. Odum

3. Ecology and Environment by P.D. Sharma (Rastogi Pub., Meerut)

4. Ecology by S.K. Charles (Prentice Hall of India, Delhi)

5. Indian Wildlife, Shrilanka, Nepal., APA Publication

6. Wildlife of India by Mark E. Tritsch, Harper Collins Pub.

7. Threatened Animals of India by B. K. Tikader, ZSI, Calcutta

8. Cytology, Genetics and Evolution by K. Periaswamy (Emkay Publication, Delhi)

9. Cytology, Genetics and Evolution by P. K. Gupta (Rastogi publication, Delhi)

10. Organic evolution by Arora

BIOLOGY- 2 (PRACTICAL)

The study of following animals through specimen/diagram/chart/model

1. Ecological adaptations.

Terrestrial: Toad, Jackal.

Aquatic : 1. Fresh water:
Vorticella, Spongilla,Hydra, Pila, Ophiocephalns.

1. Marine water:
   Megalopa larva, Noctiluca,
   Loligo, Sea anemone, Chiton, Aranicola, Neries, Mudskipper

1. Deep sea: Sole fish, Chimaera.

1. Ecological adaptations.

Arborial : Chameleon, Parrot, Draco.

Fossorial : Phrynosoma, Snake.

Volant : Bat, Crow.

1. Evidence of Evolution.

1. Homologous organs : Fore and hind limbs.

Pectoral and pelvic- girdles, vertebrae.

1. Analogous organs : Wings of insects, bird and Bat.

1. Evidence of Evolution by connecting link.

: Paripatus,

: Archaeopteryx,

: Duckbill(platypus

1. Estimations of free CO2 in the sample water.

2. Estimations of Alkalinity in the sample water.

3. Estimations of Chlorinity in the sample water.

4. Estimations of Total Hardness in the sample water.

5. Estimations of Ca & Mg hardness in the sample water.

6. Endangered fauna of India (as per theory syllabus)

7. Wildlife management tools (as per theory syllabus)

8. National parks and sanctuaries spotting in map of Gujarat.

Mathematics- 2

Credits 4

OBJECTIVES: To develop an understanding of the concepts of number system and their crucial role in Modern mathematics ; to apply principles and techniques of integration in real life situations; to acquire an insight into the pedagogical aspects of Number system and Integration.

COURSE CONTENT:

Unit 1: Number System

Integers : Nature numbers; The principle of mathematical induction, The structural properties of integers, The order relation - well ordering principle, Divisibility- the Euclidean algorithm, prime and Co-prime numbers, The H.C.F. and L.C.M. Unique factorization theorem, Congruence modulon , Addition and multiplication modulon.

Rational numbers : Equality addition and multiplication of rational numbers, The order relation, The structural properties of rational numbers, The density property of rationals.

Real numbers : Existence of irrational numbers; the number line; Upper and lower bounds of sets of real numbers; The order relation; The structural properties of real numbers; Open and closed intervals of the number line.

Complex number : Equality, addition and multiplication of complex numbers; Structural properties of complex numbers; Impossibility of order relation on complex numbers; Argand diagram; De Moivre’s theorem.

References:

A Brief Survey of Modern Algebra by G. Birkhoff & S. Maciane. (MACMILLAN - Indian Edition: IBH PUBLISHING CO., Bombay).

Unit 2 : Calculus-ll(lntegral Calculus)

Integral Of a Function : Indefinite integral as anti-derivative; Integral of elementary functions.

Techniques of integration: Integration by substitution; integration by parts.

Integration Of Various Types Of Functions: Rational functions - resolving into partial fractions; Irrational algebraic functions; Trigonometric functions reducible to rational functions by substilition.

Definite Integrals : Integration under limits - definite integral and the Newton-Leibnitz formula; Techniques of evaluating definite integrals; Reduction formulae; properties of definite integrals.

References:

1. Integral Calculus by Shanti Narayan (SULTAN CHAND & Co.).

2. Calculus of one and several variables by Sales and Einar Hille (WELEY INTERNATIONAL).

3. Calculus and Analytical Geometry by George B.Thomas (ADDISON WESLEY CO.)

4. Calculus - Vols. I &I1 by Lipman Bers (HOLT, R1NBHART & WINSTON - Indian Edition: 1BH PUBLISHING CO. Bombay).